Journal article
G. Greening, S. Bess, Timothy J. Muldoon
2018
2018
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APA
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Greening, G., Bess, S., & Muldoon, T. J. (2018). Immunohistochemistry Staining for Tumor-associated Macrophage Polarization in Murine Subcutaneous Colon Tumor Allografts.
Chicago/Turabian
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Greening, G., S. Bess, and Timothy J. Muldoon. “Immunohistochemistry Staining for Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization in Murine Subcutaneous Colon Tumor Allografts” (2018).
MLA
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Greening, G., et al. Immunohistochemistry Staining for Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization in Murine Subcutaneous Colon Tumor Allografts. 2018.
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@article{g2018a,
title = {Immunohistochemistry Staining for Tumor-associated Macrophage Polarization in Murine Subcutaneous Colon Tumor Allografts},
year = {2018},
author = {Greening, G. and Bess, S. and Muldoon, Timothy J.}
}
Abstract
[Abstract] Tumor-associated macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and may express both anti-tumor and pro-tumor functions depending on their polarization towards an M1 (classical) or M2 (alternative) phenotype, respectively. This dual role has yet to be understood in many cancers, such as colon cancer, although it is known that pro-tumor functions include tumor growth, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and matrix remodeling. Thus, tumorassociated macrophages have gained clinical momentum as cancer targets. To better understand the role of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment in response to various anti-cancer therapies, investigators typically implement an immunohistochemistry panel. However, immunohistochemistry protocols differ widely in their use of target surface markers, and many use intracellular antigens or only stain for single surface markers to quantify macrophage polarization, making reproducibility and study-to-study comparisons difficult. In response, we have developed a reliable and reproducible double immunostaining approach to quantify polarization of tumor-associated macrophages in murine tissue. Specifically, this immunohistochemistry staining protocol was developed for murine subcutaneous colon tumor allografts; however, this protocol can be readily modified to stain any murine tissue in allograft, xenograft, or orthotopic tumor models. This immunohistochemistry staining protocol is meant to be used and modified by investigators studying the causal effects between anti-cancer therapies and tumor-associated macrophages in murine tumors and to aid in reproducibility, consistency, and better study-to-study comparisons across the field.
